First successful learning of deeper architectures.

Cybernetic Predicting Devices, authored by A.G. Ivakhnenko and V.G. Lapa and published in 1965 by CCM Information Corporation, delves into the construction and operation of predictive models based on cybernetic principles. The book introduces innovative methods and...

Turing Proposes his Test for thinking

The Turing Test, proposed by Alan Turing in 1950, is a seminal concept in the field of artificial intelligence that aims to answer the question, “Can machines think?” Instead of attempting to define “thinking” in abstract terms, Turing devised...